There are many classifications of weaving machines, which are classified according to the weft insertion method of weaving, and can be divided into shuttle loom and shuttleless loom.
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The weft insertion of the shuttle loom is a weaving machine that uses a traditional wooden shuttle or a plastic shuttle for weft insertion. Due to the large size and heavy weight of the shuttle, the shuttle is repeatedly projected, which makes the machine vibration, high noise, high energy consumption, slow speed and low efficiency.
The weft insertion method of the shuttleless loom is also various, including rapier, jet, water spray, gripper and multi-shed (multi-phase).
BasicCharacteristics
The basic feature of the shuttleless loom is to separate the weft yarn package from the shuttle, or to carry only a small amount of weft yarn, and to replace the large and heavy shuttle with a small and light weft inserter, which provides favorable conditions for high-speed weft insertion. In the supply of the weft yarn, the package is directly used to enter the weft insertion mechanism through the weft storage device, so that the weaving machine can get rid of the frequent weft insertion movement. Therefore, the use of shuttleless looms is of great significance for increasing fabric varieties, adjusting fabric structure, reducing fabric defects, improving fabric quality , reducing noise, improving working conditions, and reducing energy consumption.
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Rapier loom
A rapier loom is a shuttleless loom that is forked into or held by a reciprocating sword-like rod into a shed.
Weft insertion method: The weft insertion method of the rapier loom is to use a reciprocating rapier to fork or hold the weft yarn, and introduce the weft yarn on the outer side of the machine to the shed.
Features: When weaving strong weft yarn fabric, it can suppress the untwisting of weft yarn and the formation of weft and weft of fabric; most rapier looms have strong versatility and can adapt to various raw materials, different thicknesses and different sections. The shape of the weft yarn without the need to change the sword head.
Variety adaptability:
1. Due to good weft holding and low tension weft insertion, rapier weft insertion is also widely used in the weaving production of natural and man-made fiber filaments and in the production of terry fabrics.
2. It has a strong color selection function for weft yarns, which can easily perform 8-color arbitrary weft change, up to 16 colors, and the weft selection motion does not affect the speed of the loom. Therefore, it is suitable for multi-color weft weaving, and has been widely used in decorative fabric processing, wool fabric processing and cotton-type color fabric processing, and is in line with the production characteristics of small batches and multiple varieties.
3. Double-layer rapier looms are suitable for the production of double fabrics and double-layer fabrics. Not only the high weft rate, but also the production of the velvet fabric feels good, good appearance, hairless backing, suitable for processing plush, cotton, natural silk and rayon velvet, carpet and other fabrics.
4. In the field of industrial textile production, such as glass fiber and other high-performance fiber, the technical processing of special industrial technical fabrics, useful for rigid rapier looms.
Projectile loom
The projectile weaving machine is a weaving machine in which a weft-like weft feeder (or a gripper) introduces weft yarn into the shed.
Weft insertion method: The weft insertion method of the gripper loom is to introduce the weft yarn on the fixed bobbin into the shed by a sheet gripper, which is called a gripper.
Features: It has good control ability for weft yarn; less failure, good quality of weft insertion; after the weft yarn is introduced into the shed, its tension is precisely adjusted. These properties are very beneficial to the processing of high-end products.
Variety adaptability
1. Since the gripper has a good gripping ability for the weft yarn, the yarn used for the weft insertion of the gripper is wide, but for the fabric processing of the weft yarn with the weakly twisted yarn and the low strength yarn, The weft insertion of the gripper is obviously unsuitable, and the weft yarn is easily broken.
2. With 2-6 color arbitrary weft changing function, it can carry out the mixing of the fixed blending ratio of 1:1 and the color selection of 4-6 colors.
3. The width is very large, which can meet almost all fabric processing width requirements. Processing extra-wide fabrics and screen fabrics is a feature of the gripper weft insertion.
4. It can be used with multi-arm opening mechanism or jacquard opening mechanism to process some high value-added decorative fabrics and high-grade wool fabrics.
Air jet loom
The air jet loom is a shuttleless loom that uses a jet stream to pull the weft yarn across the shed.
Weft insertion method: The weft insertion method of the air jet loom is to pull the weft yarn with a compressed air flow and take the weft yarn through the shed.
Features: It can be used for processing various types of fabrics from light to heavy, and the weft yarn can choose 4-6 colors. The raw materials are mainly short fibers and chemical fiber filaments.
Variety adaptability:
1. It is especially suitable for the processing of thin fabrics, which has obvious advantages in the production of low ultra-high density monochrome fabrics.
2. The air jet loom has high output, good quality and low cost, and is very suitable for the production of a large number of monochromatic fabrics with good economic benefits.
3. Pipeline jet weft insertion is used to carry out medium-speed production of mid-range and some high-grade fabrics with great demand, and the economic benefits and energy-saving effects are more obvious.
4. Jet weft insertion is a passive weft insertion method, and the weft insertion airflow lacks sufficient control ability for some weft yarns, and it is easy to produce weft insertion defects.
Water jet loom
The water jet loom is a shuttleless loom that uses a jet of water to pull the weft yarn across the shed.
Weft insertion method: The water jet loom uses water as the weft insertion medium, and the frictional traction force is generated on the weft yarn by the jet water flow, so that the weft yarn on the fixed bobbin is introduced into the shed.
Features: Water-jet weft insertion uses unidirectional flow of water as the weft insertion medium, which is beneficial to the high speed of the weaving machine. Among several shuttleless weft weaving machines, the water jet loom is the one with the highest speed, suitable for high-volume, high-speed, low-cost fabric processing.
Variety adaptability:
1. It is usually used for the processing of fabrics of hydrophobic fibers, and the processed fabrics are subjected to drying treatment.
2. On the water jet loom, the weft yarn is drawn by the one-shot jet of the nozzle, and the jet flow velocity is rapidly attenuated exponentially, which hinders the expansion of the loom width. Therefore, water jet loom is often used for fabric processing of narrow or medium webs.
3. It can be equipped with a multi-arm opening device for the processing of high-density dense tissue and small-pattern tissue fabric. The water jet loom has a poor weft selection function, and can only be used with up to three nozzles for weaving in double or triple weft.
